sedimentation

May 24 TV interview, Li-Xiang Wang, director of the chief administration after the earthquake ten deadly threat

earthquake, the aftershocks, numerous corpses, the wounded gathered, moist climate, poor environment, pathogenic elements everywhere. Whether the victims in distress or liberate of the liberate crew courageously, if not strengthen the ward and tin lightly be lurking approximately the aggression of pathogenic microorganisms. According to the earthquake emergency emancipate group membership medicinal team to invest the tangible location of the front, the intended summary of ten big criminal, and response measures tin be fatal.
first fatal bleeding from the taint, as well as the human skin harm, caught the banner add free plug packaged. does not kas long asthe taint contains large amounts of bacteria and viruses, the most deadly is tetanus prone. visually complicated to discriminate the tetanus bacteria enters the wound, and lack of appropriate treatment, will be outrageous in the anaerobic environment, growth and reproduction, loosen large amounts of tetanus toxin. In 2004, Indonesia's tsunami disaster medical treatment, many infected with tetanus toxoid 10 days after the disaster was carried into the hospital, Although they do not have a big wound, but the aggregation of tetanus toxin in their bodies directly on the central nervous system, medical staff can only see as the survivors fled the earthquake and tsunami killed by the disease of life. how to prevent tetanus after harm it? Tetanus bacteria are anaerobic bacteria, the more closed the wound, the more susceptible to infection. in the event of harm, treatment should be divided into four steps: ① cleaning the wound, without hydrogen peroxide, and other professional disinfection proxies, wash water should be chosen. ② open wound to stop bleeding after not closed the wound. ③ help as soon as possible to find a doctor, tetanus antitoxin or tetanus immune globulin and other special treatment.
second fatal will be met by waste water, industrial waste, sewage and decaying bodies of serious pollution. water biological quality feud may cause cholera, typhoid, diarrheal diseases, hepatitis A, hepatitis and schistosomiasis, leptospirosis, etc. disease; aquatic insect can cause malaria, dengue fever, onchocerciasis, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, guinea worm disease and other diseases; water quality inconsistency may be caused by a kind of chemical poisoning occur. drinking measures: ① If there is no pure water in search of water to nectar, you should attempt to choose water from deep wells, emulated by the spring. ② identification of water quality by biological, chemical and other proper method to determine water quality, and indicate the time of acquisition, nail the content of such sites. ③ can not make sure the source of purification and disinfection of the water should first nude eye whether the muddy water, select a clean napkin or nice sand and other prefatory filtration, sedimentation, and then add bleach as disinfectants; most vulnerable to earthquake be the most important step is to boil drinking water. Make sure to drink boiled water, put an end to drink unboiled water, avoid the It is spring and summer when the snake out. Ten of the land of the most common poisonous snakes in Sichuan have 4-6 species. because the epicenter is situated in the mountains, snake infested. houses collapsed, the victims and rescue personnel are living in tents , or even sleeping on the ground's clothing. to prevent the snake bombards, thigh cuffs bound to pay attention, sleep as much as possible not to sleep on the ground, not close the wall. snake bites the performance of different: (a) the representation of neurotoxic injury: local wound Numbness, wastage of feeling, or only mild itching. wound apparent bulging, bleeding much, about half an hour after the injury,, feel dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, spewing and weakness. There severe difficulty swallowing, voice Sima, aphasia, ptosis and diplopia. Finally, there may be trouble in breathing, blood pressure and impact, leadership to hypoxia, cyanosis, disability. if not promptly rescue the respiratory and circulatory failure in the ultimate, the patient can be rapidly fatal. neurotoxicity absorbed fast, dangerous, for of mild local omens are often ignored. impaired attach the first 1-2 days of danger, once this conversion time, the symptoms can immediately turn for the better, and heal without leaving whichever sequelae. (b) the extravaganza of blood poisoning injury: rapid swelling of the local bite, and continue to the proximal evolution, wound pain, bleeding. the skin around the wound or Xuepao often accompanied by blisters, subcutaneous ecchymosis and tissue death. nationwide severe systemic bleeding, such as subconjunctival bleeding, epistaxis, hematemesis, hemoptysis, and hematuria and so on. chest will emerge in the individual patient, abdominal bleeding and intracranial hemorrhage, leading to hemorrhagic shock. patients with brain and tail Ho, nausea , spewing and diarrhea, joint pain and high fever. because the symptoms appeared earlier, generally more timely treatment, so the death rate may be lower than neurotoxic injury patients. but because of acute attack, duration of more permanent, so the danger period is longer, treatment of the serious consequences of too late. cured often left local and visceral complications. (c) the performance of mingled noxious injury: both neurotoxic and blood poisoning symptoms. was after the snake bite emergency treatment measures: ① resistance off, as soon as possible a large blood container in the wound at the altitude of the caning, to prevent the toxicity of the blood behind into the heart. ② wash, wash the wound with superfluity of water surface repeatedly. ③ suction out toxins. to pay special attention to sucking jaws, if lip skin have damaged or mouth ulcers, will quickly absorb the spread of toxins, so as far as possible with plastic membrane for covering the wound in between the lips and then to suck. You can also sword to slit open the wound, squeeze blood toxins. ④ rapidly quest medical alms, injection of antivenom. ⑤ scamper or do strenuous discipline is strictly deterred, so as not to quicken the blood flow, leading to poisoning deepened.
fourth fatal mouse will return to the address. houses collapsed and buried after a lot of food for rats to establish rewarding conditions for breeding, breeding of mice carrying a large number of germs, diseases, rodents are the media beneath state of emergency, host and adverse animals, rodents are with pathogens, is not only a annoy, as well as epidemic hemorrhagic fever, leptospirosis, local typhus, Lassa fever and other 34 kinds of pathogens. present with particular attention to prevention and treatment of epidemic hemorrhagic fever, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, also known as renal hemorrhagic fever, a typical case of the cardinal clinical declarations were fever, bleeding and kidney damage. The disease is natural foci of rodent-borne human viral diseases. murine virus rate with increased opportunity to increase exposure in rodents, increased during epizootic , people in close contact with rats, resulting in the prevalence of the disease. eating through the food Kenshi rodents may also be infected with for the spread of animal origin, it is due to contact with the virus and the host of infected animals and their excreta. respiratory tract is the main path of transmission of the disease, Apodemus 10 days after infection, their saliva, urine and feces began to virus unload, urine detox long time. with virus excretion in aerosol form, inhaled through the respiratory tract can cause disease in humans, especially after the earthquake collapsed, densely populated greatly increase the accidents of disease transmission, especially should pay attention to the respiratory tract isolation. short after the earthquake rodent, rodent control is mandatory.
fifth malignant a large digit of mosquito breeding will not merely result in additional mosquito density, merely too cause mosquitoes to human beings the opportunity to amplify. be caused at the mosquito-borne diseases increased occurrence of momentous causes. of special note, ought draw attention to the pestilence has entered the beta Encephalitis tall season, the sufferers of the earthquake in maximum children, is a important disease susceptible population, especially kid elderly 2-6 the highest incidence of human bites of mosquitoes carry the virus, most probable to spread malaria and epidemic B encephalitis. In 2006, Indonesia after the earthquake, the 1st eruption occurred is malaria. mosquito converge above dining as many for feasible in the nets while sleeping, alternatively aboard bare skin by the applied anti-mosquito lotion or syrup. ① hiding exterminate mosquito propagating in mars after the earthquake, litter filth, lavatories, water pipes, etc. is a hotbed of mosquito breeding, to strengthen basic health facilities, a wide range of environmental health conditions enhance, the waste, sewage and garbage management to mainly make sound . ② manner to annihilate mosquitoes by using one integrated chemical, physical, biological, environmental and additional control means ought be accustomed to regional conditions after the earthquake, stereo circle and abolish. ③ nature maintenance specialists do not occupy the mosquitoes dragonflies, frogs and spiders, lizards, bats and so above is the natural enemy of mosquitoes, is recognized as a skilled pesticides. earthquake of folk they have to be protected.
sixth fatal human and animal bodies were buried in the rubble, there are a lot of edible and other alphabetical substances. in warm weather conditions, these alphabetical compounds will soon corrupt, easy to dry flies provided the conditions of G students. Thus, Tangshan earthquake as big as the earthquake break, often in a very short time a surprising number of adult flies appeared, posing a serious threat to dwellers in disaster areas. flies is an important media of intestinal infectious diseases, many microbes can survive in the long in vitro, whether the flies to support the contaminated secretions, excretions, and other items go to lick and suck the causative organism is threaten to spread to vulnerable populations. bacterial food poisoning occurred in the summer, caused by bacterial contamination of food mainly a disease with sensitive gastroenteritis diseases. The most common type of pollution for the Salmonella. ① seize the opportunity to kill adult flies and larvae. ② eradication of flies breeding ground for garbage, sewage, dung and other harmless to realistically accomplish treatment. ③ Fly activities systematized and implemented the integrated use of chemical, physical, biological, environmental, and other methods to form three-dimensional surround and annihilate the fly, so no place to hide. ④ protecting the natural enemies of frogs flies, spiders, lizards, bats and so are the natural enemies of flies, fly eradication of these animals are our allies, should be protected. disaster in the make of flies and fly disinfestation of the work, pay attention to not eat the best left-over food, not eating food and shield arsenal.
seventh fatal death 24 to 30 hours, the body per gram of tissue and per milliliter of tissue liquid including the total number of bacteria 300 million to 350 million. corpse pathogenic micro-organisms spread of way primarily as follows: instantly jeopardize rescue laborers, indirectly defile the environment and even to the mourners with to physical and psychological injury. body treatment is especially important, should grip the principles of handling dead bodies: ① early treatment as early as possible the body was discovered. ② rigid disinfection and separation with body bags. ③ buried distant away from water sources and residential areas, and do deep buried. ④ adjoin with the body of the staff to dress disguises, mittens and protective clothing. ⑤ implementation of the corpses were buried, to rigorous disinfection of always clothing and supplies. ⑥ advocate funeral to say goodbye to the portrait, to guard against possible secondary pollution in funeral .
eighth fatal a survivor. rescuers to do psychological counseling to prevent the survivors of pain, causing psychological risks. In addition to not take the initiative to ask as many as possible about the quiver survivors and relatives of the circumstance scenario, should also adviser the survivors: ① vent. Do not stop the survivors call, but as far as possible the internal anguish through his tears, and other ways to vent out approximately complaints. ② ease. You can touch, embrace, etc. to send more security-friendly access to the survivors a sense of security, and with a mild variety of language to encourage him. ③ transfer. through the normal meals, repose period, to encourage reading, the sun, listening to melody in many ways the attention of those who spread grief, woe and even guide the go as soon as possible to help others. ④ addressed. through a definite psychological counseling and comfort, encouraging those who face life grief, to face life.
ninth fatal fractures in patients with early loaded with important therapeutic tread is plaster nailed measures; both limbs need to restrict activities. does not know the brake deserving to the long bed, regional blood flow, intravascular thrombosis extremely slow, it will presently fall off as the blood flow, causing fatal pulmonary embolism. Therefore, after fracture abatement and fixation of patients to vigorous or passive limb action. For instance, a broken arm, you can let work ---- ------ fist by fist method activities to promote blood flow and discourage thrombosis. In adding to vigorous knead, Taigaohuanzhi prefer of blood return.
tenth fatal risky course. in a couple of unwashed hands can be detected in 45 million to several millions of bacteria, along to statistics, fewer than handled indirectly transmit dozens of diseases. submissively to disburse tribute to lest toxins, germs spread every other. in the affected places absence way to clean water when cleaning and disinfectants to dwindle the handshake can greatly dwindle the hazard of disease displacement. Currently, contagious diseases remain the world's highest incidence, paralysis caused by human and cause of decease. According to WTO reports, the 48 most mutual disease, almost 40 species belonging to contagious diseases, the number of patients of the aggregate incidence of 85%, and new catching diseases are still emerging. the message namely comes after a calamity with the quite solemn outbreak, the handshake namely today's most common, the highest frequency of use of public etiquette, from the prevention of infectious diseases in the sense that, especially in the big earthquake disaster today, should think a alteration. In 2003, during SARS, Beijing Mayor Wang Qishan to take the lead, said: ; today we do not jolt hands, and to hand over owe respect of.